Sexuality and reproductive health among adolescent Somali refugees: Key findings from a qualitative study

Introduction: Minnesota has the largest concentration of Somali refugees in the U.S., with population estimates ranging from 30,000 to 60,000. A majority of this population is children, adolescents, and young adults. Little research exists about cultural norms and practices related to Somali youth and sexuality/reproductive health (SRH) education. The findings from this study will be used to design a SRH program for adolescent Somali refugees in Minnesota.

Materials and Methods: In 2007, Minnesota International Health Volunteers conducted a qualitative study to better understand how Somali youth learn about and discuss SRH. Thirty-nine key informant interviews were conducted with four groups of individuals: health educators, and Somali youth, parents, and community leaders. A general inductive approach was employed and qualitative data analysis software (NVivo7) was used to facilitate analysis.

Results: This study revealed that SRH is not openly discussed in the Somali community. Due to the strong cultural and religious value of abstinence until marriage, parents view SRH discussions with their children unnecessary, and youth find them shameful. Nevertheless, an overwhelming majority of interviewees expressed that Somali youth need SRH education to protect their health and promote their success in the U.S. Respondents felt that SRH education would be acceptable if conducted in accordance with Somali culture and religion.

Conclusion: The findings reveal a tension between strong cultural and religious values regarding SRH and a new understanding of the emerging needs of young Somali refugees in America. This study underscores the importance of understanding and incorporating cultural values into SRH programming.