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Assessment of rotavirus vaccine type and dosage on severity of disease
Wednesday, November 6, 2013
Anaam Mohammed,
Institute of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
Trisha Chan,
Department of Pediatrics, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
Introduction: Rotavirus disease is the leading global cause of severe diarrhea in children under 5 years. We examined the association between different rotavirus vaccines (RV) doses and severity of diarrhea. This is the first study to address impact of mixed RV types on disease. Methods: Surveillance of children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) symptoms was conducted during 2 seasons (January-June ) in 2010 and 2011 from 3 pediatric hospitals in Atlanta, Georgia. Enrolled children were tested for rotavirus, using EIA (Rotaclone) and vaccination records were collected from the state immunization registry and healthcare providers. Cases were defined as any enrolled child who tested positive for rotavirus. Each enrolled child was assigned a Vesikari score to assess AGE severity. Results: 63.9% had severe AGE. Cases were more likely to have severe AGE than controls (OR 3.812, 95% CI: 2.242-6.481). Children receiving 2 doses of vaccine were more likely to develop severe AGE than those with 3 doses (OR 2.754, 95% CI: 1.346-5.637), regardless of RV type. Children with both 1 dose (OR 2.869, 95% CI: 1.204-6.833) and 2 doses (OR 3.493, 95% CI: 1.646-7.414) were more likely to develop severe disease than those with 3 doses, even after controlling for demographic factors. Children with no vaccine were more likely to develop severe disease than those with a mixed vaccine dose (OR 11.305, 95% CI: 2.165-59.038).
Conclusion: 3 doses of RV (single vaccine type or mixed) are more protective against severe disease than 1 or 2 doses. Mixed RV types is also effective in preventing severe AGE.
Learning Areas:
Clinical medicine applied in public health
Epidemiology
Implementation of health education strategies, interventions and programs
Public health or related research
Learning Objectives:
Explain the effect of rotavirus vaccine type and dosage on the severity of disease.
Discuss the possible implications of our findings in developing countries.
Keyword(s): Immunizations, Rotavirus
Presenting author's disclosure statement:Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: As a research assistant, I helped enroll for this study. I am an MPH candidate and am evaluating the effect of rotavirus vaccine type and dosage on severity of disease for my graduate thesis.
Any relevant financial relationships? No
I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines,
and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed
in my presentation.