Objectives: To compare and contrast the parental leave policies between Canada and the United States, state the motivation to review parental leave policies, and consider factors that shape parental leave policies. Method: Both Canadian and American literature was reviewed. Literature included government policy literature, policy studies, maternal and infant health studies, economic studies, newspaper and magazine articles, and internet resources. Results: Canadian parental leave policies are more generous, have higher employee satisfaction, and show evidence of greater maternal and infant health benefits compared to the United States parental leave policies. The differences in the Canadian and American health care system, female labor market, and leave policy research contribute to the difference in the two countries’ policies. Conclusion: The United States parental leave policy fares poorly when compared to other countries. Women’s labor status has changed dramatically in the United States and policy needs to respond to the changing context. Further United States centered research needs to be done to gain a better understanding of the health effects on mothers and infants of returning to work soon after the child is born, the effects of the Family and Medical Leave Act since it has been passed, and the roles that private companies and the government play in providing parental leave benefits.
Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of the session, the participant in this session will be able to: 1. Evaluate the similarities and differences between Canada and the United States regarding parental leave policies. 2. Discuss the motivation to review parental leave policies. 3. Identify factors that shape parental leave policies.
Keywords: Maternal and Child Health, Public Health Policy
Presenting author's disclosure statement:
Organization/institution whose products or services will be discussed: United States Department of Labor
Human Resources Development Canada
I do not have any significant financial interest/arrangement or affiliation with any organization/institution whose products or services are being discussed in this session.