Psychometric properties of an acculturation scale: Exploring dimensions of marginality of a diverse Latino population

Measures of acculturation intend to encapsulate the psychological, behavioral, and attitudinal changes that transpire when individuals from different cultures have continuous contact with one another. The Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans – II (ARSMA-II) is one of the most frequently used measurements of acculturation despite its lack of validation as an entire construct. The aim of this study was to first, analyze the underlying structure of the Marginality Scale of the ARSMA-II. Then in order to determine relationships among these acculturation dimensions and a set of theoretically relevant variables, the construct validity of the measure was examined. The Marginality Scale of the ARSMA-II, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, yielded poor model fit for both the one-factor and the three-factor scales proposed by Cuéllar et al. (1995). An Exploratory Factor Analysis and tests of construct validity were performed to further analyze the marginality component of the ARSMA-II. The results indicate that both the newly revised scale and its subscales need further work; however, the new Adapted Marginality Scale and its subscales are recommended for use with diverse Latino populations. The results of this study support emerging evidence of the need to revise the theory of marginality and acculturation measures. It is recommended that measures tested on homogeneous ethnic groups are used with caution when examining diverse Latino populations. Additionally, this study suggests that the search for a single measure of acculturation or marginalization is not an appropriate goal.