Impact of sexually transmitted infections in urban counties of the state of Georgia: Rates of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea infection by gender and race over a five year period (2000-2004)

Background: In 2005, 33,562 cases of Chlamydia and 15,860 cases of Gonorrhea were reported in the State of Georgia, respectively corresponding to 3.4% and 4.7% of all cases reported nationally (CDC, 2005). Disparities of infection with respect to race and gender are evident for both diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in rural Georgia compared to urban areas of the state.

Methods: County level data necessary for analysis were acquired using the Georgia Division of Public Health's Online Analytical Statistical Information System database (GDHR, 2007). Rates of infection by gender and race (black vs. white) were aggregated over a five year period (2000 – 2004) and indirectly adjusted using Georgia as the standard. Rates for rural counties, defined as populations less than 35,000, were statistically compared to urban rates using a test of proportions (á = 0.05).

Results: Although variation exists, data suggest infection of both diseases in Georgia is an urban problem, disproportionately impacting black residents. Significant urban and rural differences in infection rates for both diseases were noted for white and black males. Although infection rates were elevated among black females, a significant difference for only Gonorrhea was noted. No significant differences were noted for white females.

Conclusions: The State of Georgia continues to report two of the most common sexually transmitted infections at an alarming rate. The disproportionate impact of minorities is evident, although further assessment of the variation between urban and rural areas is warranted.