Are we getting the message about mercury? A survey to assess public awareness of mercury in fish

Exposure to mercury from environmental sources poses potential risks to public health, especially through fish consumption. Public education messages reaching vulnerable populations, particularly pregnant women and young children, can prevent health risks. The Vermont Department of Health has developed recommendations for safe intake levels for store bought and locally caught fish, including posters and brochures. University of Vermont College of Medicine students, in partnership with the Health Department, surveyed members of the public in Vermont's largest county regarding consumption practices and knowledge of consumption advice. Vulnerable populations were specifically targeted. Surveys included demographics, quantity and species consumed per month, knowledge of adverse health effects, and specific awareness of Vermont guidelines. 166 people were surveyed during a 6-week period. Nearly 80% reported awareness of adverse effects of mercury in fish; 48% reported awareness of Vermont consumption guidelines. Respondents reported low consumption of Vermont-caught fish (81% no consumption in a month). Canned tuna was consumed far more frequently: 42% consumed 1-2 meals per month, 19% 3-5 meals per month, 6% consumed 5 or more cans of tuna per month. For women of childbearing age, chi-squared analyses showed an association between the level of fish consumption and poster exposure (p< .05), and between level of consumption of fish and awareness of the Vermont advisory (p<.01). Further, for low tuna consumers, 61% who saw education materials (specifically posters), changed tuna consumption, fish intake, or limited their child's intake. Recommendations were made to expand current public education efforts, including more emphasis on canned tuna.