159686 A tailored nutrition intervention for Mexican Americans with type 2 diabetes

Monday, November 5, 2007: 9:15 AM

Marylyn Morris McEwen, PhD, APRN, BC , College of Nursing, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Lourdes Barrera, BA , Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Ellen J. Graver, MS , The Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Vern Hartz , The Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Alice Pasvogel, PhD, RN , College of Nursing, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Robin Whitacre , The Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Gwen Gallegos, CDE , Mariposa Community Health Center, Inc., Nogales, AZ
           
Purpose: To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of a 6-month diabetes self-management support pilot intervention for Mexican American adults with type 2 diabetes who reside in an urban community in the U.S.-Mexico border region. We report on the tailored, culturally appropriate nutrition component of the diabetes pilot intervention for persons of Mexican origin with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Twenty one (N=21) Mexican American adults (81% women; mean age = 53; mean BMI = 35.5 (range = 27.8-49.1); mean HgbA1c = 7.8 (range = 4.9-13.0) participated in the intervention. A single group repeated measures design was used to examine the feasibility of the intervention. Baseline measures of diabetes knowledge and self-management activities, biomarkers, and a 24-hour dietary recall analysis were used to tailor the nutrition component of the intervention which addressed specific ADA nutrition recommendations. The nutritional intervention consisted of a group component delivered by a Certified Diabetes Educator and an individual component delivered by promotoras in the participants' homes.

Results: Data collected from the 24-hour dietary recalls were analyzed using the Minnesota Nutrition Data System-Research Version (NDS-R). Findings from the dietary analysis revealed that the majority (90.5%) of the participants did not meet the recommended daily servings for vegetables and milk and 85.7% exceeded the recommendations for fat. Almost half of the participants (47.6%) consumed less than the recommended daily amount for grains and fruit and 49.9% consumed less than the recommended daily amount for meat. The differences between pre-intervention and post-intervention biomarkers and measures of diabetes knowledge and self-management activities specific to nutrition that test the effectiveness of the nutrition intervention will be reported.

Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of collecting and using nutritional data for tailoring decision making (e.g. food label reading and portion control) and facilitating goal setting in the nutritional component of a diabetes self-management support intervention for persons of Mexican origin with type 2 diabetes.

Learning Objectives:
Identify the components of this tailored nutrition intervention for Mexican American adults with type 2 diabetes. List the critical data points required for a 24-dietary recall. Assess the applicability of this intervention for reducing diabetes health disparities for high-risk populations in their communities. Recognize the critical role of promotoras in developing and delivering a tailored, culturally appropriate nutrition intervention for Mexican American adults with type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes, Nutrition

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Any relevant financial relationships? No
Any institutionally-contracted trials related to this submission?

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.

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