Assessment of the relationship among perception of risk, risk factors, and sociodemographic factors and HIV testing behavior

The incidence and prevalence of HIV and AIDS among older adults are increasing in the United States. Epidemiological data show that approximately 15% of reported cases of HIV infection in the United States are identified in people 45-64 years, an increase from 11% in 2001and 14% in 2002. Despite engaging in at-risk behaviors that increase the risk for HIV infection, older adults are less likely to receive HIV testing to detect possible infection. HIV testing is identified as a preventive health behavior to prevent HIV infection. This study examines age-related differences in HIV testing and predictors that contribute to adults receiving HIV testing. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multiple logistic regression was performed on a nationally representative sample of 12,375 men and women who participated in the 2004 National Health Interview Survey. Among adults 55-64 years, the factors associated with HIV testing were age, gender, education, marital status, income, risk factors, and perception of risk. This study indicates that, among adults 25-64 years, adults 55-64 years are less likely to test for HIV than any other age group. Early identification of HIV infection is critical to the health of older adults to further protect themselves and others from morbidity, disability, and mortality. This current research will lead to an improved understanding of HIV testing behavior among adults 55-64 years, and add to surveillance data used for developing policies and funding quality HIV prevention and treatment programs for older adults.