Factors associated with mammography compliance and non-compliance among Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese and Cambodian women

Problem/Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine demographic and acculturation factors associated with breast cancer screening compliance and non-compliance among Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese and Cambodian women 40 years and older. Methods: A cross-sectional design utilized face-to-face data collection approach with language assistance. The sample participants included 894 Asian women, composed of Chinese (50.1%), Cambodians (18.06%), Vietnamese (16.24%), and Koreans (15.64%). The variables associated with mammogram screening consisted of demographics, acculturation, and barriers. Data were analyzed by the chi square test, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals with logistic regression modeling. Results: Among participants, 33.6% reported never screened, 22.8% reported non-compliance, and 43.6% compliance. Education and low income (<10,000) was significantly associated with never screening for breast cancer for Cambodians. Not having insurance was associated with lower screening rates for Cambodian, Korean, and Chinese women. Whereas English language fluency in all groups was significantly associated with breast cancer screening, those women who spoke the language well were also more likely to be in compliance. Among all Asian ethnic subgroups, those who did not speak English were significantly more likely never to get screened. Cambodian women who did not read newspapers in English were more likely to never get screened. Korean and Chinese who lived less than 15 years in the US were significantly more likely to never get breast cancer screening. Discussion: Compliance with breast cancer screening guidelines can be improved by providing culturally and linguistically appropriate breast cancer education and early detection for various Asian American ethnic groups.