Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Chinese hepatitis B screening and vaccination

Problem/Objective: Despite the decline of Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence in the US population at large, the prevalence in Asian American communities remains high. The absence of early screening and vaccination enhances the chances of viral transmission and infection that often lead to liver complications and premature death. This study examined knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward HBV screening and vaccination and identified major barriers that impact screening and vaccination among Chinese Americans of predominantly lower socioeconomic status and non-English-speaking. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 429 Chinese in New York City of whom 93.0% were not born in the US. Survey items include demographics, acculturation, knowledge and beliefs about HBV, screening behavior, and health perceptions. Participants were recruited from Chinese community-based organizations. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests of independence were conducted. Results: Knowledge level of HBV risk factors and screening and vaccination rates are low. There were significant differences in screening and vaccination by marital and health insurance status, language, gender, education, and income. Participants were significantly more likely to be screened and vaccinated if they had heard of HBV, heard of a screening test, and knew there was a vaccine for it. Discussion: These findings suggest that educational interventions need to be culturally (contextually and linguistically) appropriate to increase the screening and vaccination rates in this underserved population. Although cultural sensitivity is important in addressing the needs of Chinese American clients, an educational program that targets families, communities, and health providers can ensure the greatest success in removing barriers.