Gender differences in perception of cognitive health and healthy lifestyle among older adults

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences among older adults in West Virginia in the perceptions about memory loss and cognitive decline, as well as about potential prevention activities and motivation to change and maintain relevant behaviors. DESIGN AND METHODS: Six gender-specific focus groups were conducted at senior centers in three rural counties in the state of West Virginia. Counties were chosen according to median income (i.e. high, middle, low). Results were obtained using Atlas.ti software for qualitative thematic analysis. RESULTS: The focus groups included a total of 67 participants aged 55 and older, of which 30 participants were male and 37 were female. A great majority of the respondents (82%) were white. The results show that many rural elders lack sufficient knowledge about the causes and process of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. While many people consider healthy eating and physical activity as ways to improve their overall health, few recognize a potential link between lifestyle and the risk of developing dementia. Some gender differences emerged regarding willingness to exercise more, eat more healthy foods, or become more involved socially. Women expressed greater willingness to modify behaviors for their health. IMPLICATIONS: This study offered practical implications for intervention strategies to be implemented in rural communities.