Sexual norms and HIV risk behaviors of migrant Mexican men living in Dallas, Texas

Background: There is growing evidence that migration is associated with HIV risk behaviors and infection in migrant men. Most Mexican migrants entering the US are young single men seeking work. They face several challenges including poverty, limited access to health services, and social isolation, which can increase their vulnerability to engaging in HIV risk behaviors.

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to describe sexual norms and HIV risk behaviors in migrant Mexican men in Dallas,Texas.

Methods: We conducted quantitative interviews with Mexican men seeking services at the Mexican Consulate in Dallas. We analyzed results in SPSS 13.0.

Results: 131 participants completed the survey. The average age was 33 years (17-60) and average time in the US was 13 years (0-40). Sixty percent had secondary education or less, 53% were married/cohabitating, and 32% were single. Regarding HIV risk behaviors, 21% thought they were at risk for HIV, 11% reported ever having sex with a man, 6% reported having sex with a sex worker in the past year, and 10% reported any history of STI. Only 17% reported always using condoms with any partner and 15% with sex workers. Regarding sexual norms, most reported inequitable views about sexual decision making and women's sexual behaviors but had more equitable views about contraceptives and childrearing.

Conclusions: Results suggest moderate levels of HIV risk behaviors, low reported condom use, and ambivalent attitudes about sexual norms which shape risk behaviors. Future studies should explore how migration, sexual norms, and HIV risk behaviors are linked among Mexican migrants.