Rapid Need Evaluations Using Geographic Information Technologies for Vector Control surveillance in San Bernardino County

Successful disease surveillance activities require standardized methodology, appropriate data collection tools, and seamless data integration, with analysis and timely dissemination of the resulting information to appropriate health officials and the public when necessary. We developed a field data collection model solution for San Bernardino County Public Health Department (SBCPHD) Vector Control Division using a variety of information system technologies of hardware, software, and data manipulation methodologies. This paper discusses the model and its benefits to public health practice. The model comprises global positioning system (GPS) enabled mobile computer , centralized database repository, field data collection tools , data processing, analysis, and reporting systems. We converted existing paper forms for Tick, Murine typhus, Hanta virus, Plague, Mosquito, and Chicken into digitized data collection forms for easy entry. This information is linked to GPS coordinates and stored in a centralized database system. The model is implemented through a customized toolbar as an add-on to ArcGIS 9.2 software. Required spatial data can be checked out onto handheld computers for the field. Data collected in the field can be checked back into the centralized data repository for analysis and reporting. When fully implemented, SBCPHD will enhance their ability to conduct rapid need evaluations in the field while responding to citizen complaint requests, monitoring presence of vector borne diseases, and providing direct abatement and vectors control in sanitary sewer systems and flood control basins. Ultimately, the ability to detect changes in disease causing agents' data early enough to take action will improve public's health.