Trends and approaches in evidence-based programs for the prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)

This session introduces the history of evidence-based programs for the prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Three approaches to prevention will be presented: 1) case management (CM), 2) motivational interviewing (MI), and 3) screening and brief intervention (SBI) programs. Multiple researchers have demonstrated success with these approaches. The session discusses the reported outcomes of programs using each approach. Commonalities among programs and approaches will be described, as will the various settings where the programs are being implemented.

The CM approach is a long term method that builds a trusting relationship and can span several years. CM includes frequent contact between the advocate and the client. The main target audience of the approach is pregnant or postpartum women with the goal of preventing future births of children prenatally exposed to alcohol. The MI approach is a four-session counseling method designed to motivate individuals to change. In general, the target audience of MI is women of child-bearing age, and the goal is to prevent alcohol-exposed pregnancies by reducing drinking, using effective contraception, or both. The SBI approach is designed to identify pregnant women who are drinking or at risk of drinking during pregnancy. Women who screen positive are then given a brief intervention with the goal of eliminating alcohol use. Women who are dependent on alcohol are referred to specialized treatment programs.