214716 Self-As-Doer and Self-Determinism: New Perspectives for Motivational Differences in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Self-Care

Monday, November 8, 2010

Amanda M. Brouwer, MS , Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
Jessica Deininger, BS , Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
Katie E. Mosack, PhD , Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
  
Background: Motivation and a self-as-doer identity (SAD; i.e., the notion that having an identity as the doer of one's behavior provides motivation to perform SCBs regardless of the perceived value associated with doing them) have both been associated with SCBs among individuals with diabetes (Author,2008; Williams, et al.,2004); however, differences between those with Type 1 (T1DM) and Type 2 (T2DM) diabetes in relation to these constructs have not been adequately examined. Because SCBs have more direct consequences for T1DM, we hypothesized that those with T1DM would display a greater degree of SAD and autonomous motivation than those with T2DM.

Methods: 371 adults with T1DM (N=207) or T2DM (N=187) completed self-report psychosocial and behavioral measures. Independent samples t-tests were calculated to examine the difference between those with T1DM and T2DM in SAD and controlled and autonomous motivation.

Results: Persons with T1DM (M=3.40,SD=.55) reported significantly higher degrees of SAD than did persons with T2DM (M=3.18,SD=.52, t(293)=3.35,p=.001). Persons with T2DM (M=34.29,SD=4.80) reported significantly higher levels of autonomous motivation than did persons with T1DM (M=32.56,SD=4.89, t(334)=-3.22,p=.001). No significant differences in controlled motivation were found.

Conclusions: Motivational differences to enact SCBs exist between persons with T1DM and T2DM. Those with T1DM are more likely to see themselves as the ‘doer' of their SCBs, whereas persons with T2DM are more likely to be motivated when SCBs are self-initiated and intrinsically important to them. Results may allow clinicians to tailor intervention strategies based on diabetes type and degree of motivation to improve SCBs.

Learning Areas:
Chronic disease management and prevention
Social and behavioral sciences

Learning Objectives:
1. Identify factors influencing the frequency of self-care behaviors for person with diabetes. 2. Articulate the impact of the self-as-doer and self-determinism on self-care behaviors. 3. Describe how interventions focusing on doer identification and controlled versus autonomous motivation might address motivation to perform diabetes-related self-care behaviors for each type of diabetes diagnosis.

Keywords: Diabetes, Health Behavior

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I am qualified to present because I am the principle investigator of this research. I designed and carried out the research. Furthermore, I analyzed the data and prepared the abstract. Moreover, I am the primary researcher of diabetes self-care behaviors in our research lab. This area is my specialty.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.

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