Barriers to health for Zabbaleen Women in Mokattem, Egypt

Background: The women of the Zabbaleen community are a unique population in Cairo, Egypt with several characteristics known to contribute to inequities in healthcare. This study increased understanding of health disparities and inequities related to culture, ethnic origin, gender and SES by exploring the healthcare experiences of these women in Egypt. The purpose of this qualitative was to gain information useful in developing programs to provide culturally appropriate interventions and improve health for vulnerable populations. Methods: The ethnographic study included non-participant observation and in-depth semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of women of childbearing age from Mokattem, Cairo, Egypt. Two contact/interpreters assisted with the interviews. Written Arabic transcripts were translated into English written text and analyzed with field notes using the NVIVO 7. Results: Through narratives in interviews women explained barriers they experienced in healthcare. These experiences present the connections between gender, low SES, low literacy/education levels, ethnicity and cultural norms in relation to the women and their health. An example of a successful Hepatitis C program in the community shows how resources can be used to overcome issues in obtaining healthcare. Conclusion: Zabbaleen women require programs that focus on their specific needs that encompass beliefs and are adaptable to an evolving situation in a country attempting to integrate strong religious and political beliefs in a harmonious manner. Using the model of a successful program in the area, other programs can be developed focused on health issues the women experience.