American Indian Elder Health

Background: As more American Indians (AIs) live to adulthood and old age, the elderly population is projected to increase from 5.5% in 1990 to 12.6% in 2050 as a proportion of the total AIAN population. This shifting demographic profile of the population calls for focused attention on the health status of elders. Methods: This study analyzes data from the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). The CHIS 2001, 2003, and 2005 contains the largest known random sample of AIANs - 6,550 adults. The study utilizes a working group composed of native and non-native experts; it is endorsed by 24 tribes, 13 urban Indian organizations, four federal agencies and others. Results: The epidemiologic profile of native elders compared to other racial and ethnic populations documents a pattern of disparities. Health conditions and risk behaviors where older Natives have inequitable outcomes include diabetes (more than one-half of native elders have been diagnosed with diabetes), heart disease (more than one-quarter); cancer (highest rates of tobacco smoking, low rates of cancer screening); and disabling conditions (native elders have the highest prevalence of multiple falls in the past year). These disparities are related to Native elders' demographic characteristics, including rural residence, poverty (2-3 times more likely to be poor or near poor than whites), and education. Finally, we will present data on access to care issues. Conclusions: Epidemiologic data is available for the first time to set priorities and allocate resources that will benefit the health and well being of this growing and vulnerable population.