Acceptability of the HPV Vaccine among African-American Mothers in the Southern US

Introduction: Economically disenfranchised African-American girls seeking treatment for STDs are an underserved population at increased risk for HPV infection. While GARDASIL is an effective HPV prophylactic vaccine, vaccination rates remain low. Given the risk for HPV infection among this subgroup and the adverse health consequences associated with HPV infection, enhancing uptake of GARDASIL is critical. Methods: To better inform the development of a theory-based, multi-component intervention designed to enhance initial uptake of GARDASIL and compliance with the recommended doses of the vaccine, two focus groups were conducted (N=13) with mothers of African-American teenage girls, 13-18 years, living in metropolitan Atlanta. Focus groups were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and content analyzed for predominant themes. Results: Mothers had limited knowledge about HPV, the GARDASIL vaccine and its side effects. They expressed a general need for more information on the vaccine and its long-term effectiveness. While mothers preferred their daughters communicate with them about getting vaccinated, some mothers feared that their daughters' interest in vaccination was a signal of sexual activity. Overall, most mothers were receptive to vaccination, if their child's health care provider initiated the conversation and could respond to their questions about GARDASIL with factual information. Conclusion: To enhance uptake of GARDASIL in African-American communities, novel interventions are needed that provide accurate information on the transmission and prevention of HPV. Mothers are receptive to health care providers who initiate the discussion of vaccination. With continued educational campaigns and increased evidence of vaccine efficacy, acceptability of vaccination to prevent HPV infection should increase.