Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia and the Risk of New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease in Japanese Males over 40 Years of Age: A Long-term Retrospective Cohort Study

The aim of this study was to determine the associations of new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Participants were all males over 40 years of age from 1990 to 2007 in a factory in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. This study was excluded participants who had a history of gouty attacks. By following the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), we conducted a retrospective cohort study with 1,285 participants. The endpoint was new-onset CKD defined as eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. The average („b standard deviation) follow-up period was 95.2 („b 66.7) months. During the follow-up period, 100 participants (7.8%) developed CKD. Cox proportional hazards model revealed that the hazard ratio of new-onset CKD was 3.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.59-6.15) among participants with hyperuricemia. For participants with low serum HDL-C and hypertension, the hazard ratios were 1.69 (95% CI: 1.00-2.86) and 2.00 (95% CI: 1.29-3.11), respectively. This study suggested that the magnitude of association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and new-onset CKD was higher than established predictors such as hypertension and diabetes.