Oral Health Program Prototype: Adolescents in Group Homes

Objective: to show that there is a substantial burden of untreated caries among adolescents between the ages of 9 – 17 years who are living in a group home in Long Island, N.Y.; propose a community intervention program for the target population. Methods: needs assessment was accomplished using review of 100 dental records, focus group interviews and direct observations. Community Intervention: Theoretical construct of Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Community Readiness Model (CRM) was used. A common risk factor approach; empowering the participants and stakeholders was used. Resources needed: appropriate support personnel, instructional materials, cost of facility for screenings and preventive treatment and, offices supplies. Implementation: segmentation into focus groups was based on psychographic and behavioral factors. Program was pilot tested and then phased in. Education instruction on brushing, flossing and components of caries formation were given to each group. Evaluation: Formative evaluation was accomplished using focus groups, pre and post visit questionnaires, direct observation and, protocol checklist. Impact evaluation was gauged using the OIDP (Oral Impact on Daily Performance) index. Results: show the aggregate percent surfaces of decay per child as 3.8%. Focus group interviews and direct observation revealed organizational policies in place which are not conducive to optimum oral hygiene, these included, snack rewards practices increasing frequency of sugar attacks and, lack of floss made available. Conclusion: The prototype program provides a financially feasible option for reducing caries in communities such as group homes, showing high prevalence of untreated caries.