224690 School Breakfast Program participation and dietary intake influences National School Lunch Program intake as assessed in elementary children using Spears Point-of-Sale Dietary-Assessment-Tool

Tuesday, November 9, 2010 : 1:15 PM - 1:30 PM

Karen Spears, PhD, RD , Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV
     
Background: School Breakfast Program (SBP) was permanently instituted in 1975; however, the effect SBP intake has on subsequent National School Lunch Program (NSLP) consumption is unknown. To evaluate the interaction, the Spears Point-of-Sale Dietary-Assessment-Tool (Spears POS-DAT) was validated. It resembles a grocery store checkout stand, which scans and weighs items selected before and after eating.

Study design: Subjects included Kindergarten to 5th graders attending an elementary school in Reno, Nevada (n = 157, 76% White-Hispanic). SBP and NSLP were measured for 7-9 days at 3 intervals during the 2007/2008 school-year. Direct lunch observation was conducted on a subsample to validate the tool. General linear statistical modeling, Pearson correlation and paired t-tests were calculated.

Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, on average, individuals participating in school breakfast significantly decreased their lunch calorie intake and increased carbohydrate, Vitamin C, and calcium intake. No significant changes in total fat, iron, and protein lunch intake were found. However, as calories consumed at breakfast increased, lunch calorie intake also increased.

Validation component evaluated 700 trays. Correlation coefficients ranged between 0.53-0.81 (p <0.0001). Mean kilocalorie intakes significantly differed between direct observation and Spears POS-DAT (-76.4 kilocalories, p < 0.0001). Protein and iron were the only nutrients with a significant difference between mean percentages of energy

Conclusion: Higher calorie intake during SBP and at lunch may be an important factor in childhood obesity and requires further exploration. The Spears POS-DAT offers an accurate means to determine nutrient intake in elementary school children.

Learning Areas:
Conduct evaluation related to programs, research, and other areas of practice
Public health or related research

Learning Objectives:
1. Describe the impact School Breakfast Program participation and School Breakfast Program nutrient intake has on National School Lunch Program intake in elementary children. 2. Discuss the validity and use of the new Spears Point-of-Sale Dietary-Assessment-Intake-Tool (Spears POS-DAT).

Keywords: Food and Nutrition, Dietary Assessment

Presenting author's disclosure statement:
Organization/institution whose products or services will be discussed: Spears Point-of-Sale Dietary-Assessment-Intake-Tool (Spears POS-DAT)for evaluation of intake

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I was the primary investigator in the research study and developed the Spears Point-of-Sale Dietary-Assessment-Intake-Tool.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.

Back to: 4186.0: Research methods and measures in food and nutrition