Coaches, parish nurses and African American men: Approaches to hypertension self-management

Hypertension is a growing problem in the United States, affecting every one in four Americans. However, hypertension tends to be more common and more severe in the African American population, with one in every three African Americans suffering from hypertension. Increasing awareness, treatment and control of high blood pressure can reduce the morbidity and mortality related to hypertension. The purpose of this study is to evaluate two existing models of hypertension self management support for African-American men ages 18-44 within St. Louis: a health coach model and a parish nurse model. Health education and evaluation materials were created, and health coaches and parish nurses were trained to use these materials in conjunction with their existing models of support. Clients were recruited by nurses and coaches at various public gathering locations, and given an initial survey on their knowledge regarding hypertension management, and beliefs about barriers to care and susceptibility. Clients were paired with either a parish nurse or health coach, who provided the client with education and support related to hypertension. Follow up by the evaluation team occurred three times over the course of a year. Data collected to date indicates that over fifty percent of clients report doing 9 of 11 self management behaviors, and fifty percent agree that decreasing fat intake and increasing activity can help manage hypertension. While many understand the complications that can arise from hypertension, few believe it can happen to them. Further analysis will assess changes over time in knowledge, beliefs, and self-management behaviors.