Application of Theory to ORAL HEALTH PROMOTION

Theory guides the search for reasons why people do or do not change their behaviors. Clarification of key concepts within a theory helps to identify targets for intervention, preserve the internal validity of a study, and enhances the exportability of effective interventions. Key priorities to improving oral health behaviors include: a) discovering new theories, either de novo or theories that have shown success in other disciplines, b) building on mechanisms research to more accurately pinpoint targets of change, and c) determining if existing theories are applicable to, and valid for, oral health. The application of theory to oral health is particularly complex, as initiation and maintenance of oral health involves not just the adoption of a single behavior (e.g., brushing teeth), but rather a complex constellation of behaviors (avoiding sugary snacks and drinks, regular dental visits, etc). Another challenge for applying theory to oral health is that the identified theory must map onto intervention components that can be delivered in real world, clinical and community settings. The aims of this presentation will be to 1) discuss the rationale for using theory based treatments in oral health, 2) proffer several theoretical models that have the potential to produce initiation and maintenance of change in oral health, 3) provide examples of theory-based research in oral health and other areas of health promotion, and 4) implications for data analysis. Theory-based research in oral health could help elucidate mechanisms of change and more efficient and effective delivery of oral health promotion interventions.