Unstanding Factors Contributing to Suboptimal Rates of Childhood Vaccinations in Vermont

Introduction: Childhood immunizations are invaluable in preventing contagious diseases. Nonetheless, vaccines have recently become increasingly controversial with a growing number of parents refusing to vaccinate their children. Although numerous studies have supported vaccine safety and efficacy, primary reasons for refusal include potential side effects and the belief that the diseases vaccinated against are not harmful. Nationally, the percent of fully vaccinated Vermont children is one of the lowest; data shows these rates are continuing to decline. Objective: To determine why the percent of fully-vaccinated children has fallen in Vermont Methods: A 22-question survey that covered healthcare knowledge about their children, vaccination concerns, and vaccination status was sent to participants of the Women Infant and Children's Program at two district health offices. Results: 82% (n=386) of respondents reported their children had received all the recommended vaccinations for their age. Respondents who were ≤ age 30 (p=0.01) or had less education (p<0.01) were significantly associated with reporting their children as current on vaccinations. Respondents who considered themselves highly knowledgeable about their child's healthcare (p=0.01) and confident about vaccine safety (p<0.01), were significantly associated with reporting children as being current on vaccinations. Intent for future vaccination was predicted by both healthcare knowledge (p<.01) and confidence in vaccine safety (p=0.02). Conclusions: Respondents were most concerned about safety and number of vaccinations administered during one visit. Primary care providers were viewed as important for addressing concerns, suggesting their critical role in improving vaccination rates. This approach could be replicated elsewhere to improve immunization rates.