Reentry populations: Examining group differences in knowledge, attitudes and behaviors

Background: Prison populations are disproportionately affected by HIV and hepatitis. When transitioning from prison to the community, preventing substance abuse and high-risk sexual behavior within this population may reduce the risk of HIV and chronic hepatitis infection. SAMHSA CSAP funded a five-year grant program in community-based organizations to prevent substance abuse, HIV and hepatitis in high risk minority communities and within reentry populations. Methods: Participants in grant-funded interventions lasting 30 days or longer complete a questionnaire before the intervention begins, at program exit and 3 months after program exit. Grantees are also required to track the time participants spend in specific intervention service categories. Grantees then submit these data to CSAP on a semiannual basis. These data will be analyzed using independent samples t-tests and linear regression modeling to determine pre and post-test group differences in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to substance use and sex using services received as a moderator. Results: Preliminary results demonstrate that positive gains have been made among reentry adults in HIV and hepatitis knowledge as well as attitudes towards substance use and risky sexual behavior. Significant group differences were observed for gender, re-entry status, race and ethnicity for key knowledge and attitude outcomes. Outcomes: This paper will examine how reentry, gender and racial group differences moderate attitudes and affect specific behavioral outcomes for past 30-day substance and condom use. Exposure to specific prevention services will also be examined in relation to outcomes.