Attitudes, knowledge, and self-efficacy of mammography procedures among African American women: A qualitative analysis

Overall use of mammography has increased over decades, yet minority women consistently have lower screening rates compared to their Caucasian peers. Female breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in North Carolina. It also accounts for the second highest number of cancer-related deaths among women. Researchers utilized a qualitative approach conducted around breast health and mammogram usage at the interpersonal level and formulated by the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Thirteen African American women, residing in North Carolina shared their views generated in open ended questions, conveyed within data collection guides. Interveiws were used to develop an understanding of attitudes, knowledge and confidence of this group related to adhering to mammography guidelines. Data analysis revealed a consensus on the importance of early detection and high levels of confidence to adhere, as well as knowledge of the recommended intervals. Some interveiwees were more knowledgeable than others related to signs and symptoms, with family history and breast changes being the common themes. On average, participants had high levels of behavioral capability and self efficacy of breast health behaviors. This suggests that further research should seek to better understand the influence of Primary Care Physicians on the decision to obtain regular mammograms, in an effort to explain the health disparity.