Fall prevention in overweight and obese populations: Are mindfulness-based exercise activities effective

Worldwide obesity is a major health concern because of its linkage to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. Obesity has also been linked to an increased incidence of falls. Fall injuries exceeded $16 billion in 2000. To reduce the impact on society and individuals, it is essential to explore mechanisms to reduce the frequency of falls in the obese population. There is solid evidence that tai chi as an intervention will reduce the risk of falls with the elderly but no evidence supporting its effectiveness with obese individuals. In this study, the connection between postural stability and BMI in long-term tai chi practitioners is investigated using a convenience sample study design. Participants at a 1-week tai chi workshop were contacted and ask to participate in the study. The participants in the study had a mean age of 61 with 5-10 years of tai chi experience. The participants' weight distribution was similar to the general population with 38% having a BMI less than 25. Computerized posturography was used to measure postural stability and limit of stability. In contrast to published studies, statistical analysis using ANOVA indicated no differences in stability scores between the three weight groups when standing on a compliant surface with eyes closed. Many participants in the study also reported practicing other mindfulness exercises such as qigong and yoga. Therefore, additional studies are needed to determine whether a short-term tai chi intervention will be effective in preventing falls in the overweight and obese populations.