Sexual Orientation, Eating Disorders, and Academic Distress

Relatively few studies have examined disordered eating behaviors among sexual minority populations, particularly relating to academic distress. The purpose of this study is to determine whether: 1) sexual orientation effects academic distress among those with anorexia/bulimia diagnosis/treatment; 2) disordered eating behaviors/clinical eating disorders differ by sexual orientation; and, 3) these differences differ by sex.

Data from the American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment II (2008-2009) were utilized (N=110,289). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analysis, separated by sex, examined the effect of sexual orientation on academic distress, clinical eating disorder diagnosis, and disordered eating behaviors. Covariates included were binge drinking (past 2 weeks); stress (last 12 months); smoking (past 30 days); and, race. Adjusted analyses revealed that, compared with heterosexuals, gay/lesbian, unsure, and bisexual males and females were generally at significantly greater odds to engage in maladaptive behaviors. Findings were stronger for males. Specifically, bisexual and unsure females (1.49 and 2.02, p<.01, respectively) and males (3.24 and 4.96, p<.001, respectively) were at increased odds of experiencing academic distress and bisexual and unsure females (1.59 and 1.49, p<.05, respectively) and males (5.68 and 10.44, p<.001, respectively) were at increased odds to have a clinical eating disorder diagnosis compared to heterosexuals.

Targeted disordered eating prevention efforts are needed to address sexual minorities and those unsure of their sexual status, particularly males. Findings are bolstered because participants reporting a minority sexual orientation also reported significantly increased academic distress.