Mortality for Peripheral Artery Disease and Coronary Artery Disease in the Korean population: 5-15 Years Follow-Up

Purpose The objective of this study is to analyze long-term survival of the subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD), and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods The sample included 4,526 Korean patients aged ≥45 years who were hospitalized from 1994 through 2004. 405 subjects had PAD confirmed by computed tomography angiography, while 3,475 subjects had CAD confirmed by cardiac catheterization in Cardiac & Vascular Center among PAD or CAD patients, Samsung Medical Center. Mortality data were obtained from all participants between 1994 and 2009 from the Statistics Korea. All-cause mortality was measured at 5 to15 years. Results The mean age (years) of PAD subjects was 65.1 (±8.4) and that of CAD subjects was 62.4 (±8.7) (p<0.001). For age group, 45 to 64 year-old group was 45.2% in PAD and 59.6 % in CAD. During the 5 to 15 years follow-up, all-cause cumulative mortality rate were 31.8% in PAD and 28.2% in CAD. The mean survival time was 8.77 (±0.24) years in PAD and 11.4 (±0.88) years in CAD. Ten years survival rate was 59% in PAD and 71% in CAD. The independent predictors of mortality were included, but not limited to, age, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in PAD and age, male gender, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, CKD and anemia in CAD. Interestingly, overweight and obesity showed lower hazard ratio in PAD or CAD group. Conclusion In this study, we found that cardiovascular risk factors contributed to mortality. However, it seems that there is no similarity between PAD and CAD for their mortality rate.