Attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of the lesbian and bisexual population towards breast health

One in eight women are at risk for developing breast cancer during their lifetime. Lesbian and Bisexual women may be at an even greater risk due to higher rates of negative health risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol, consumption, high BMI's and lack of preventative care. Perceived discrimination by health care providers may specifically contribute to LGBT individuals being less likely to utilize prevention-based services or screenings (i.e. breast cancer screening). This is not surprising given that studies indicate that 40% of physicians were uncomfortable providing care to an LGBT individual and 8-12% of nursing students reported “despising” the LGBT population. To examine access and use of breast health related services a 4 page questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and Health Belief Model (perceived barriers) was created and disseminated. A panel of experts evaluated the survey for content validity and deemed it valid. A convenience sample of 205 lesbian/bisexual individuals completed the questionnaire at a local LGBT public event. Preliminary analysis indicated that 73% of respondents believe it is beneficial to follow recommended breast health guidelines, 58% intended to follow guidelines, 27% indicated they were not confident in performing a monthly self-breast exam, 23% were not confident they could get a mammogram, and 38% were not confident they could find a physician that understands lesbian and bisexual women's health issues. Evidence from the study suggests interventions should address barriers associated with the lesbian and bisexual population including mobile services, health insurance coverage, physician education, and a physician referral system.