Developing an HIV/STI Focused Motion Comic for Young People Ages 15-24 Years in the US

Background In the US, young people (ages 15-24 years) are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STI). This may be due to shortfalls in HIV/STI-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behavioral intentions (KABI). Health communication storytelling is a proven means of changing health-related KABI. Comics are a low-cost and easily implemented storytelling form, and “motion comics” add technological advances to update comics as a communication strategy. To address HIV/STI-related KABI, we are developing an HIV/STI focused “motion comic” for young people.

Methods Twelve formative focus groups were conducted with young persons (n=74) ages 15-24 years to develop audience-generated content, including: art style, characters, storylines, and dialogue, to enhance the relevance, acceptability, and appropriateness of a motion comic HIV/STI prevention intervention.

Results Key themes emerging from thematic analysis include: 1) knowledge deficits regarding transmission of HIV/STI; 2) the influence of stigma on HIV/STI testing and acquisition of contraceptives and other materials needed for safe sex (condoms, birth control, lubrication); 3) knowledge deficits about accessing sexual health care; 4) the need for condom negotiation skills and 5) acceptance of motion comics for HIV prevention.

Conclusions Based on information provided in the focus groups, 3 seven-minute motion comic episodes are being developed that address all five identified main themes. The prototype intervention will be pilot tested for efficacy in several evaluatory focus groups. The final intervention will be delivered through the internet and other social media venues accessed frequently by the target population of young people.