Predictors of health-related quality of life among Operating Engineers

Background and Objective: Health-related quality of life in working populations predicts absenteeism, presenteeism, work ability and productivity, morbidity, and subsequent mortality. However, health-related quality of life among blue collar workers has not been well studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine explanatory variables associated with health-related quality of life among one group of blue collar workers, namely Operating Engineers (heavy equipment operators).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational design. The SF-36 health-related quality of life scales were the dependent variables and independent variables included personal and related health behavioral factors. A convenience sample of 498 Operating Engineers was recruited from approximately 16,000 Operating Engineers from entire State of Michigan in 2008. Linear regression was used to determine personal and related health behavior factors associated with health-related quality of life.

Results: Health-related quality of life in physical functioning, vitality, and emotional role were higher among Operating Engineers than the general population, whereas bodily pain, general health perception, and social functioning were lower. Personal factors associated with poor health-related quality of life were older age, being married, higher medical comorbidities and more depressive symptoms. Behavioral factors associated with poor health-related quality of life included smoking, low fruit intake, low physical activity, high BMI, and low sleep quality.

Conclusions: Operating Engineers are at risk for poor health-related quality of life. While not changeable, medical comorbidities and depressive symptoms should be well-managed. Worksite wellness programs targeting changeable health behaviors that negatively influence health-related quality of life may be beneficial.