141st APHA Annual Meeting and Exposition

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282812
Effectiveness of a dental practice-based brief screening and intervention protocol for heavy drinking


Sunday, November 3, 2013

James Alan Neff, PhD, MPH, FAAHB, School of Community and Envionmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
Michelle L. Kelley, PhD, Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
James F. Paulson, PhD, Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
Abby L. Braitman, PhD, Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
Scott T. Walters, PhD, School of Public Health, Department of Health Behaviors and Health Systems, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
Tina D. Cunningham, PhD, The Center for Health Analytics and Discovery, Eastern Virginia Medical School-Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
Tegwyn Brickhouse, DDS, PhD, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, VIrginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
John C. Gunsolley, DDS, MS, School of Dentistry, VIrginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
Michele Darby, MS, RDH, School of Dental Hygiene, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
Patrick Vandersluis, PhD, Health RX Corporation, Fairfax, VA
Margaret M. Walsh, MS, EdD, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences; Center to Address Disparities in Chidren's Oral Health (CAN DO), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Margaret Lemaster, MS, Gene W. Hirschfeld School of Dental Hygiene, Old Dominion University-College of Health Sciences, Norfolk, VA
Heather Bolen, MS, Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
Gabrielle D'Lima, MS, Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
Purpose: Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral, and Treatment (SBIRT) protocols for heavy drinkers, effective in medical settings, have not been examined in dental settings. This paper presents RCT effectiveness results for a new dental hygienist-delivered SBI incorporating motivational interviewing techniques and personalized normative feedback for heavy drinkers in dental settings. Methods: A RCT was conducted using N = 103 adult (age 21 – 55) patients from randomized Intervention (7) and Control (6) dental practices, meeting criteria of 1+ binge drinking episodes in the past 30 days. Data were gathered via telephone interviews at baseline, 3- and 6-months on alcohol outcomes (Total Drinks/Week) as well as Individual- and Practice-level covariates. Data from 40 Intervention (78% follow-up) and 42 Control (79% follow-up) subjects with complete data were analyzed with normal mixed models using SAS PROC MIXED, adjusting for individual and practice-level covariates. Results: A-priori contrasts compared total weekly consumption means across waves (baseline vs. 3-month; baseline vs. 6-month) within Intervention and Control groups. Analyses showed significant (p< .05) declines in weekly consumption at 3 months among heavier drinkers (13+ drinks/wk) in both groups. However, declines continued among Intervention subjects by 6 months (42.6% decline from baseline; ~ 8.5 drinks/week; d=1.33); whereas Control group drinking leveled off (20.8% decline from baseline; ~4.4 drinks/week; d= .52). Conclusions: Results provide preliminary support for the intervention. Declines in total drinks/week by 6 months were twice as large for heavy drinkers in Intervention than Control groups, reflecting a 4 drink per week greater decline among heavy-drinking Intervention subjects.

Learning Areas:

Conduct evaluation related to programs, research, and other areas of practice
Planning of health education strategies, interventions, and programs

Learning Objectives:
Describe results of an RCT examining effectiveness of a new brief screening and intervention protocol for heavy drinkers in dental practice setting

Keyword(s): Alcohol Problems, Interventions

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I am Principal Investigator on the NIDCR grant on which the presentation is based. I designed the study and wrote the abstract.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.

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