Distribution and evaluation of a carbon monoxide detector intervention in two settings: Pediatric emergency department and urban community

Objective: To describe changes in carbon monoxide (CO) safety knowledge and observed CO detector use following distribution of an educational tool (Fast Facts about Carbon Monoxide) paired with a CO detector.

Methods: The identical intervention was distributed in two settings (distribution varied): a pediatric emergency department (Ohio) and door-to-door in an urban community (Maryland). Changes in CO safety knowledge (as measured by the average of correct responses at enrollment and 6-months post intervention) and observed use (installation, location, and functionality) of CO detectors at 6-months post intervention were evaluated.

Results: A total of 301 participants completed the 6-month follow-up (OH: n=125; MD: n=176). The majority of participants were female; 25-34 years of age; employed full or part time; and reported living at their current residence for >2 years. CO safety knowledge did not differ between settings at enrollment, but was significantly different at follow-up. Ohio participants were more likely to have the study CO detector installed at the 6-month follow-up. The majority of the study CO detectors observed were functional and installed in the correct location. Of those with CO detectors at follow-up, the majority had not replaced the back-up battery.

Conclusions: The success of the intervention varied between settings and distribution methods. CO safety knowledge was better among the Ohio sample (more improvement in knowledge from enrollment to follow-up) and CO detector use (installation, location and functionality) was significantly better at follow-up. However, all participants could benefit from improved battery replacement messages or reminders.