Using internet panel surveys for public health surveillance

Background: Random digit dialing (RDD) phone surveys are facing considerable challenges. While substantial research alleviates many of these problems, the costs associated with RDD surveys remain high and response rates remain low. The use of Internet panels affords a more cost-effective alternative survey and sampling strategy. While initially criticized for considerable coverage bias and the - nonprobability sampling, substantial research in this area has begun to alleviate these problems as well. However, the role of Internet panels in population health surveillance is not yet clear; this new approach to behavioral health surveillance needs to be evaluated for consideration to enhance public health surveillance.

Objective: To present the design and results of a pilot study investigating the use of Internet panel surveys for public health surveillance.

Methods: A pilot project was designed to assess the feasibility and accuracy of Internet panel surveys for public health surveillance. This pilot represents a collaboration between the CDC, four state departments of health (GA, IL, NY, TX), Internet panel providers, and leads of several large surveys and systems. The pilot study was conducted in four states and Metropolitan Statistical Areas within these states. Data were collected using three Internet panel sampling methods that differ in recruitment strategy, sample selection, and sample matching to the U.S. adult population. A questionnaire was developed to benchmark with other Federal surveys used to assess health measures (e.g., Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, National Health Interview Survey, and National Survey on Drug Use and Health).

Results: We will present comparative analyses that assess the advantages and disadvantages of different Internet sampling methodologies across a range of parameters including cost, geography, timeliness, usability, and ease of use for technology transfer to states and local communities.

Conclusion: Recommendations for future efforts in public health surveillance will be presented based on these results.