141st APHA Annual Meeting

In This section

280587
Assessing DNA damage in children environmentally exposed to pesticides through using the comet assay and the micronucleus test

Tuesday, November 5, 2013

Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak, PhD , University of Information Technology and Management, Department of Public Health, Rzeszow, Poland, Institute of Rural Health, Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Lublin, Poland, Lublin, Poland
Marek Posobkiewicz, PhD MD , Chief Sanitary Inspectorate in Poland, Warsaw, Poland
Piotr Holownia, PhD , Chief Sanitary Inspectorate, Warsaw, Poland
Joanna Niedzwiecka, MSc , Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Lublin Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
Krzysztof Sawicki, MSc , Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Lublin Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
Malgorzata Cyranka, MSc , Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Lublin Instute of Public Health, Lublin, Poland
Marcin Kruszewski, Prof PhD , Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology, lublin Institute of Rural Health / Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Lublin, Poland
Environment pesticide effects principally depend on their niche distribution and chemical stability/decomposition, according to seasonal variations. In areas of intensive pesticide use, populations are therefore more vulnerable to any detrimental effects, eg increased hypersensitivity, and may become conditioned to their short/long term actions depending on the patterns of use. Of particular concern are developmental disorders arising in children whenever the exposure is constant and of sufficient duration, even at low pesticide concentrations. A study investigated whether cytogenetic damage increased through prolonged pesticide exposure in n=117 children, aged 7-11 years, living in rural areas of intensive agriculture; controls being n=87 children from an agri-tourism region without pesticide exposure. DNA Single-Strand Breaks (SSB) were detected by the Comet assay in whole fresh blood samples together with 'formamidopyrimidine DNA-glycosylase (FPG)-sensitive sites' with the bacterial FPG protein in isolated lymphocytes. Micronuclei (MN) levels were measured by the cytokinesis-block MN assay. Acetylcholinoesterase (AChE) and Pseudocholinesterase (PChE) activities were used as biomarkers of exposure. Subjects exposed to pesticides had significantly higher AChE and PChE activities than controls, although average levels were well below the biological exposure limit. In addition, those exposed to pesticides had significantly higher levels of steady-state FPG sites and SSB levels (p<0.001), as well as MN levels. A positive correlation was found between PChE activity and FPG-sensitive sites and also between MN levels and FPG-sensitive sites, (both p<0.01). In conclusion, despite the relatively low pesticide exposures in the test group of children, significant biological/developmental effects were detected.

Learning Areas:
Basic medical science applied in public health
Environmental health sciences
Public health biology
Public health or related research

Learning Objectives:
Assess the impact of low pesticide exposure in children living in rural areas on key biochemical markers of child development

Keywords: Environmental Exposures, Child Health

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: Educated to BSc, MSc & PhD level in UK and Poland in the biomedical sciences. Over 20 years experience in medical research at major UK teaching hospitals followed by senior scientist positions in industry, (pharmaceutical, drug discovery and medical diagnostics). Further experience gained as a specialist in regulatory affairs at the Polish office for registration of medicinal products, devices and biocides. Since 2008, Public Health advisor to the Polish Chief Sanitary Inspector at ministerial level.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.