287827
Systematic review and meta-analysis of single-session behavioral interventions to decrease high-risk sexual behaviors
Wednesday, November 6, 2013
Lisa Eaton, PhD
,
Human Development and Family Studies/CHIP, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
Tania B. Huedo-Medina, PhD
,
Statistics & Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
Jennifer A. Pellowski
,
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
Blair T. Johnson, PhD
,
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
BACKGROUND: Evidence-based, single-session HIV/AIDS interventions to decrease and eliminate high-risk sexual behavior are promising solutions for prevention programs that lack the financial backing to implement multi-session interventions. Single-session interventions are an ideal resolution to reaching resource-stricken populations, as they provide a low financial burden to healthcare providers and a higher likelihood of retention for participants of lower socioeconomic status who typically lack the resources required to attend multiple sessions. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis using data from 42 single-session interventions (34 studies; N= 10,529) that included outcomes on condom use and/or unprotected sex. The data sources for our initial literature search included MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, Proquest, and all international subdatabases in the WHO's Global Health Library through May 2011. RESULTS: When compared to controls, single-session interventions were significantly more likely at follow-up to increase condom use with a casual partner (d+ = .20, 95% CI = .80, .32) and condom use during anal sex (d+ = .56, 95% CI = .023, 1.099) and decrease unprotected sex (d+ = .20, 95% CI = .10, .29). Additionally, single-session interventions were more effective in increasing condom use for older participants (R2 = 16.02), and in decreasing unprotected sex when follow-up period was longer (R2 = 64.06), and when the format of the control group had no HIV-relevant content (R2 = 51.67). CONCLUSIONS: Brief, single-session HIV/AIDS interventions designed to alter high-risk sexual behavior can provide less fiscal strain to both client and provider while still being effective in creating safer sex behavior.
Learning Areas:
Administer health education strategies, interventions and programs
Chronic disease management and prevention
Implementation of health education strategies, interventions and programs
Planning of health education strategies, interventions, and programs
Program planning
Social and behavioral sciences
Learning Objectives:
Demonstrate the efficacy of evidence-based, single-session HIV/AIDS interventions in decreasing and eliminating high-risk sexual behavior.
Presenting author's disclosure statement:Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I have been an investigator on multiple studies involving HIV/AIDS prevention interventions and have extensively researched methods in modifying high-risk sexual behaviors and attitudes in various populations. One of my main interests is finding ways to create positive changes in both psychological and behavioral variables in at-risk populations.
Any relevant financial relationships? No
I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines,
and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed
in my presentation.
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