141st APHA Annual Meeting

In This section

292581
CV risk factors in a convenience sample of community dwelling kenyans

Tuesday, November 5, 2013 : 2:30 PM - 2:50 PM

Eileen Stuart-Shor, PhD, APRN, , College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA
Jacob Kariuki, RN, BSN , College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston
Jessica DeMita, RN, BSN , College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston
Darren Golden , College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston
Jaimee Halliday , College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston
Amanda French , College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston
Anna Karani, PhD, RN , School of Nursing, University of Nairobi
Ann Mukuna, RN, BSN , Tumutumu Hospital School of Nursing
Peris Kariuki, RN, BSN , Kijabe Hospital School of Nursing
Background: There is an emerging epidemic of CVD in sub-Saharan Africa which is predicted to worsen and is often attributed to westernization of lifestyle. Objectives; The purpose of this study was to systematically assess biobehavioral CV risk factors in a community sample. Methods: A convenience sample of consecutive patients at 5 Kenyan clinics was screened for CVRF using protocols and validated questionnaires (BRFSS, WHO). Clinical data were imported into Stata© for analysis. US/Kenyan IRB approval. Results: 941 individuals (mean age 49 [±18.68], 79% female, 99% black), were screened with high rates of HTN (39.9%), DM (7.1%), BMI ≥ 25 (44.1%). Women were more likely to be overweight (50.14%, 23.16%; p=0.00) and have ↑waist circumference (44.28%, 7.92%; p=0.00) than men. Older age (<45, 45-64, 65+) was associated with ↑ rates of HTN (18.3%, 50.0%, 61.94%; p=0.00). The majority (61.41%) had 2+ CVRF and self-reported health to be fair/poor (66.9%) and depressive symptoms (15.89%). Self-reported behaviors included; physical activity ≥ 1 hr/day (81.29%), never/rarely drank soda (89.53%), cooked with solid fat (66.78%), smoking (4.93%). Significant gender differences (male/female; p<.01) were noted for smoking (15.68%, 2.14), alcohol (16.33, 2.3%), stress (41.3%, 51.6%) and adding salt to food (38.6%, 29.0%). Conclusions: The prevalence/clustering of CVRFs were high. Lifestyle RF differed from Western models (low rates of sedentary activity, smoking and sweetened drinks). Gender differences were noted. This challenges current assumptions about the impact of globalization on lifestyle CVRF; and suggests a need for further study and cultural/gender tailoring of prevention strategies to optimize outcomes.

Learning Areas:
Chronic disease management and prevention
Diversity and culture
Epidemiology

Learning Objectives:
Compare and contrast western models for athrogenic CV lifestyle risk factors to those observed in this sample of Sub-Saharan individuals.

Keywords: Cardiorespiratory, Risk Factors

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: Associate professor, cardiovascular nurse practitioner, PI and project director Kenya Heart and Sole Afya Njema project, research and clinical practice focused on cardiometabolic disease and disparities.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.