Changes of Congenital Heart Disease Prevalence in the Korean Adults

Purpose The aim of this study is to assess changes in the causes of congenital heart diseases between 2006 and 2013 in Korean adults.

Methods Data were collected from the National Health Insurance Corporation in Korea from 2006 through 2013. The data consisted of primary diagnoses related to congenital heart diseases diagnosed according to the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD 10). Congenital heart disease included ventricular septal defect (Q21.00, Q21.01, Q21.08, Q21.09), atrial septal defect (Q21.18, 21.19), patent ductus arteriosus (Q25.0), stenosis of aorta (Q25.3), pulmonary artery stenosis (Q22.1, Q25.6), coarctation of aorta (Q25.1), tetralogy of fallot (Q21.3), ebstein anomaly (Q22.5), transposition of great arteries (Q20.3), eisenmenger syndrome (Q21.8), arterioventricular septal defect (Q21.2), pulmonary venous connection  (Q26.2, Q26.3, Q26.4), double outlet right ventricle (Q20.1), single ventricle (Q20.4), hypoplastic left heart syndrome (Q23.4), and atresia pulmonary artery (Q25.5). The age-standardized prevalence of congenital heart diseases in adults was calculated with the direct method using the estimated Korean population in 2010 as the reference.

Results Overall, the age-standardized cumulative prevalence of ventricular septal defect was 3.99 per 100,000 persons in 2011 and 4.25 in 2013. The age-standardized cumulative prevalence of atrial septal defect was 7.44 in 2011 and 8.54 in 2013. For female, the age-standardized cumulative prevalence of atrial septal defect was 10.31 in 2006 and 11.66 in 2013. The age-standardized cumulative prevalence of tetralogy of fallot was 0.84 in 2006 and 1.93 in 2013. The age-standardized cumulative prevalence of ebstein anomaly was 0.30 in 2006 and 0.54 in 2013. The age-standardized cumulative prevalence of double outlet right ventricle was 0.16 in 2006 and 0.30 in 2013. The age-standardized cumulative prevalence of single ventricle was 0.13 in 2006 and 0.38 in 2013. The age-standardized cumulative prevalence of patent ductus arteriosus, stenosis of aorta, pulmonary artery, coarctation of aorta, transposition of great arteries, eisenmenger syndrome, arterioventricular septal defect, pulmonary venous connection, double outlet right ventricle, single ventricle, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, and atresia pulmonary artery did not change dramatically between 2006 and 2013 year in adults.

Conclusions The overall age-standardized cumulative prevalence of ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, tetralogy of fallot, and ebstein anomaly increased between 2006 and 2013.