Smokefree downtowns: Research and Policy

A number of cities have implemented smokefree downtown policies, and more are considering such policies.  Banning smoking on sidewalks and streets is a relatively new frontier for communities’ work to increase smokefree environments. The traditional stakeholders for such a policy change include decision makers, business owners, shoppers and other customers, but for many cities this list must also consider the impact proposed policy can have on people who experience homelessness and mental health issues, and other marginalized communities who often congregate in downtown areas.

In this presentation, we will describe research conducted in support of developing and implementing innovative and effective smokefree downtown policies.  This research included observational studies of smoking in downtown areas, public opinion polls, and key informant interviews with business leaders and social service agencies.  This research led to a strategy to involve key stakeholders and community members in the planning, development and execution of public education and enforcement

Key informant interviews with social service agencies showed a concern that smokefree downtowns could be used as another way to “criminalize homelessness.” Social service agencies and others were particularly concerned about smokefree downtown ordinances being used to push homeless and other vulnerable populations out of the downtown area. 

Cities and downtowns are often the nexus for many competing priorities and needs. New development and ‘clean up’ efforts in downtown areas can be positive and appealing for some, and isolating and threatening for others. Recommendations for cities considering smokefree downtowns include:  conducting community outreach throughout policy process, assure access to broad scale cessation supports for people who use tobacco, partnering with social service agencies to address the needs of vulnerable populations, and involving various stakeholders in developing a plan to equitably enforcement.