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335960
Predicting Nurse Practitioners' Intentions to Perform Routine HIV Screening


Monday, November 2, 2015

Jodi L. Sutherland, PhD, RN, Decker School of Nursing, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY
Gale A. Spencer, PhD, RN, Decker School of Nursing, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY
  
Background: HIV/AIDS epidemic is a significant public health issue in the U.S. The nurse practitioner (NP) is in a prime position to provide secondary preventative services to patients related to HIV. Utilizing the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study examined attitudinal, normative, and control beliefs toward routine HIV screening and their associations and relationships with intention.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using a random sample of 600 members of the AANP, 141 NPs participated in the study. SPSS Version 22 was used for analysis.

Findings: NPs with a higher HIV screening behaviors were associated with higher intentions to screen for HIV (p = .001). Higher intentions were associated with positive attitude scores  (p = .000), higher normative priority scores (p =.005), higher normative expectation scores (p = .000), and higher facilitator scores (p =.001). Logistic regression revealed that attitudinal (p = .037) and normative expectation (p = .004) predicted intention (-2 Log Likelihood = 150.939; x2 (2) = 21.956, p = .000). The variables found to be most predictive of intention to screen were: offering HIV screening improves the health of the community (p = .004), office staff supports routine HIV screening (p = .025), information about HIV tests (p = .006), and availability of point-of-care testing (p = .014).

Conclusion: NPs rated their intention high, yet HIV screening rates were low. NPs have potential to reduce the number of individuals with undiagnosed HIV. Greater efforts are needed to help NPs incorporate universal screening into healthcare settings.

Learning Areas:

Public health or related nursing

Learning Objectives:
Describe attitudinal, normative, and control beliefs toward routine HIV screening and their associations and relationships with intention.

Keyword(s): Nurses/Nursing, HIV/AIDS

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I am a young nursing scientist. I have been the principal investigator of research projects focusing on the uninsured populations, and primary and secondary prevention of HIV. The goal of my research is to contribute to nursing science, practice, and healthcare policy to improve the lives of people in our communities. My scientific interest is to develop strategies that promote universal HIV screening.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.

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