Mid-Program Evaluation of a Diabetes Prevention and Management Program in West Virginia

Objectives: To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a diabetes prevention and management program (DPM) in Morgantown, West Virginia. Methods: DPM is a twenty-two session, 1-year program, modeled after the evidence-based Group Lifestyle Balance program and AADE7 Self-Care Behaviors framework. A community-based participatory research approach was used to culturally tailor the curriculum and facilitate the program. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling techniques such as flyers, email lists and local newspapers. Participant eligibility was based on a CDC diabetes risk-screening. Those who were at high-risk for diabetes or have diabetes, at least 18 years of age, and could at least participate in 150 minutes of physical activity were included. Survey data, fasting bloodwork and anthropometrics were administered. Fasting glucose, weight, and BMI were tracked as primary outcomes; secondary outcomes included attendance record, lipid profile and blood pressure. Primary and secondary outcomes were evaluated at baseline, mid-program, post-program, and at the 6 month follow-up. Results: Forty-one participants positively screened into the program (29% males, 50% with diabetes). Twenty-four individuals (mean age 61.91 ± 11.51 years; 44% Body Fat; 46% with diabetes; 50% with high cholesterol and blood pressure) agreed to participate in the DPM program, with an attendance rate of 60% at mid-program. Initial fasting bloodwork revealed 7 participants with pre-diabetes (mean A1c 5.67) and 17 with diabetes (mean A1c 6.85).  After 6 months, there was a mean weight loss of 5 lbs. Conclusions: This community-based DPM mid-program evaluation successfully demonstrated a reduction in anthropometrics and clinical risk factors.