Abstract
Experimental Results Demonstrate the Influence of Culturally Sensitive Text and Images on Recall of Oral Health Information in Mexican Heritage Mothers
Theodore Singelis, PhD1, Raul I. Garcia, DMD2, Judith C. Barker, PhD3 and Rachel E. Davis, PhD, MPH4
(1)CSU, Chico, Chico, CA, (2)Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, (3)University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, (4)University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
APHA 2016 Annual Meeting & Expo (Oct. 29 - Nov. 2, 2016)
Poor oral health in children of Mexican heritage stems from a variety of factors including reduced accessibility to care, lack of insurance, and lack of knowledge. Based on a theoretical framework describing culturally sensitive (CS) health messages (Resnicow et al., 1999), this experiment tested the effectiveness of oral health messages varied in text and image. Using a 2x2 factorial design, Spanish speaking Mexican heritage mothers of children under age six (N=113) were randomly assigned to read one of four 12 page pamphlets containing the same oral health information in Spanish: (1) standard images/standard text; (2) standard images/CS text; (3) CS images/standard text; (4) CS images/CS text. Participants completed a 22-item oral health knowledge questionnaire prior to and post reading of the pamphlet. T-test of pre-post difference scores across all conditions revealed that, on average, participants had 3.56 more correct answers on post-test (t=14.31, p<.001). The 2x2 ANOVA revealed a main effect for images on pre-post difference scores: CS image group 4.1 more correct at post-test vs 2.9 for standard images, p<.02, even when controlling for maternal age, education, and acculturation. No effect for text type or the interaction of text and image was found. Results show that reading information can improve oral health knowledge in Mexican heritage mothers. Improvement can be increased by including culturally sensitive images (i.e., depicting Latinas) vs. standard images (i.e., dominant culture Anglo). Further research is needed to determine if this effect will generalize to other minority groups or health conditions (e.g., diabetes).
Administer health education strategies, interventions and programs Advocacy for health and health education Communication and informatics Diversity and culture Implementation of health education strategies, interventions and programs Planning of health education strategies, interventions, and programs
Abstract
Impact of integrating oral health into home visiting curricula on parents' beliefs and behaviors
Amy Brock Martin, DrPH1, Joni D. Nelson, PhD1, Elizabeth Radcliff, PhD2 and Ashley Robertson, PhD, JD2
(1)Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, (2)University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
APHA 2016 Annual Meeting & Expo (Oct. 29 - Nov. 2, 2016)
Background: Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visitation (MIECHV) program curricula do not include oral health. We developed oral health education and care coordination curricula that were integrated into MIECHV programs. We examined changes in parent confidence in caring for their child's oral health and parent engagement with primary care providers (PCP) on oral health.
Methods: Home visitors in a clinic-based MIECHV program were trained in pediatric oral health issues. MIECHV-enrolled mothers were surveyed at enrollment, 6 and 12 months post-enrollment to assess confidence in caring for their child's teeth and PCP engagement on oral health exams and fluoride varnish. Using descriptive statistics and Fisher's Exact Test, we examined these changes.
Results: Nearly 70% (n=138) reported increased confidence in ability to care for their child's teeth. African Americans had significantly higher rates of confidence improvement than did white (82.1% vs. 46.7%, p=0.0173). Participants with lowest incomes (<$,000 per year) reported lowest rates of increased confidence compared to highest (58.3% vs. 81.3% for those earning $9,000-$20,000, and 66.7% for those earning > $20,000, respectively, p=0.0001). Ninety one percent (n = 144) reported their child's PCP performed a mouth exam at six and twelve month appointments, while <3% reported their PCPs suggested fluoride varnish applications.
Conclusions: Enhancing MIECHV curricula to include oral health resulted in enhanced confidence in home care and communicating with PCPs on their children's oral health needs. Our study demonstrated additional advocacy on fluoride varnish for both parents and primary care providers is needed.
Administer health education strategies, interventions and programs Implementation of health education strategies, interventions and programs Other professions or practice related to public health Program planning Provision of health care to the public Public health or related public policy
Abstract
An Effective Strategy for Building Public Will for Child Oral Health: A Case Study
Wyatt Hornsby
Delta Dental of Colorado Foundation, Denver, CO
APHA 2016 Annual Meeting & Expo (Oct. 29 - Nov. 2, 2016)
background/purpose:
Delta Dental of Colorado Foundation (DDCOF) is in year 4 of building public will for child oral health in Colorado, with a goal of eradicating early childhood tooth decay. Specific goals and audiences of the work include:
1)Motivating behavior change among low-SES families when it comes to limiting children's consumption of sugary drinks (namely juice) and increasing children's consumption of water, to prevent tooth decay.
2)Working with institutions, such as childcares and schools, to adopt policies toward healthy beverages and increase access to tap water.
3)Changing public policy, such as with recent adoption of rules in Colorado disallowing licensed childcares from serving SSBs, including flavored milks.
methods:
DDCOF has conducted qualitative and quantitative research to understand values, beliefs, behaviors, motivators and barriers affecting oral health among families and community influencers. This research has informed the campaign's structure and messaging. Notably, it told us that reducing children's consumption of juice—not promoting brushing—addressed a critical knowledge gap for families. The campaign includes paid media, earned media, community organizing, promotores, policy, and grant-making.
results/outcomes:
Significant progress has been achieved compared to 2014 baseline results. Specifically:
• 22-point increase in percentage of kids drinking tap water.
• 29-point decease in belief among parents that juice is healthy for their kids.
• 19-point decrease in kids' juice consumption.
conclusions/implications:
The campaign development and evaluation results will be instructive for others working on health promotion, childhood nutrition, and education interventions, and provide insight for other child health initiatives.
Administer health education strategies, interventions and programs Assessment of individual and community needs for health education Conduct evaluation related to programs, research, and other areas of practice Implementation of health education strategies, interventions and programs Planning of health education strategies, interventions, and programs Public health or related public policy
Abstract
Empowering a Currently Invisible Workforce to Prevent Oral Disease and Promote Oral Health
Jan Mitchell, DDS, MEd1 and Donna Meyer, MSN, RN, ANEF2
(1)Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, (2)Organization for Associate Degree Nursing, Pensacola, FL
APHA 2016 Annual Meeting & Expo (Oct. 29 - Nov. 2, 2016)
In the US, there are 3.1 million nurses, and over 88,000 nursing students who will complete their studies within 1000+ community colleges during 2016. These students earn an associate degree in nursing and licensure as a Registered Nurse (RN) and are fully capable of entering the nursing workforce. At this time, 57% of the US Nursing Workforce begin their career with an associate degree in nursing and form the grassroots base of the nursing profession. Faculty from Lewis and Clark Community College which provides training in several healthcare professions, identified a shortfall in the current education of nurses.
In brief, though intrinsic to patient health and well-being, oral health disease assessment, prevention strategies, and in-depth education have not been included in the training of nurses at the associate degree/RN licensure level. Notably absent were 1) a common vocabulary between dental and nursing professions; 2) systematic model nursing curriculum that includes the mouth and oral cavity at every level of care; and 3) a continuing education modality that would help to ensure most current and evidenced-based competence for all nurses.
Presentation will describe how leadership from a community college engaged academic leaders from outstanding universities and institutes and, ultimately, national organizations to begin to address the educational shortfall is the core of this presentation.
Planning of health education strategies, interventions, and programs