Abstract
Applying Public Health Program Evaluation Methods and Principles to Emergency Response
Holly Fisher, PhD and Sachi Kuwabara, PhD
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
APHA 2017 Annual Meeting & Expo (Nov. 4 - Nov. 8)
Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Emergency Operation Center has been activated frequently for different public health emergencies (e.g., Hurricane Katrina, H1N1, Ebola, Zika). While much effort has been devoted to evaluating health outcomes of affected populations, less attention has been given to monitoring and evaluating risks to the health and wellbeing of emergency responders across multiple incidents.
Methods: CDC’s Deployment Risk Mitigation Unit (DRMU) has developed a traditional public health program evaluation approach to identify, describe, monitor, and evaluate responder-related risks. This approach is adaptable to personnel participating in different disease outbreaks, disasters, and other emergencies and includes 1) process monitoring and evaluation (systematic assessment of pre-deployment preparedness and operational risks during deployment), 2) outcome monitoring (routine assessment of responder safety/health/wellbeing during and after deployment), and 3) system-level evaluation (triangulation of process and outcome data to assess extent to which risks were remediated and potential effects on overall response).
Results: DRMU first implemented this approach during the Zika response via a tracking and reporting system that integrates information about responder experiences (from surveys, debriefings, other communications). Reports summarizing responder risks (e.g., stress, safety concerns) and remediation status (e.g., corrective actions) are being piloted with different CDC emergency response groups. A data analysis and dissemination plan based on this approach (integrating data across sources) is also in development.
Conclusion: Incorporating traditional program evaluation methods into emergency response provides CDC leadership with a system to consistently identify and address responder issues across a variety of public health emergencies.
Conduct evaluation related to programs, research, and other areas of practice Occupational health and safety