Abstract
Psychosocial Stress, Health Behaviors and Disparities in Cardiovascular Health between African Americans and Afro Caribbeans
Yanica Faustin, MPH1, Deshira Wallace, MSPH2 and Mosi Ifatunji, PhD3
(1)The University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, (2)University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, (3)University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
APHA's 2018 Annual Meeting & Expo (Nov. 10 - Nov. 14)
Background: On average, foreign-born Blacks have better cardiovascular health than native-born Blacks. However, the cardiovascular health of foreign-born Blacks worsens with increased time in the country. Stress, discrimination and health behaviors are considered key exposures that impact the cardiovascular health of Black populations; yet understanding how these exposures work in tandem for this population is limited. Methods: We examined data from the National Survey of American Life. We developed an index of cardiovascular health from five questions concerning the doctor diagnosis of: hypertension, stroke, poor blood circulation, hardening of the arteries and “heart trouble or heart attack.” We examine a series of ordinary least square regression models to investigate whether differences in key exposures explain cardiovascular health disparities between African Americans (3,331), second-generation Afro Caribbeans (418) and first-generation Afro Caribbeans with more (639) or less than 15 years (462) in the country. Results: Second-generation Afro-Caribbeans have the worst cardiovascular health, followed by African Americans, longer-and shorter-term migrants. Second-generation Afro-Caribbeans have the worst health for half of the cardiovascular outcomes: stroke (.040) and heart attack (.153), followed by African Americans and longer-term immigrants: hypertension (.339), longer-term immigrants also have the highest risk for blood circulation issues (.066). Conclusion: We provide the first study that investigates the complex interplay between key probable contributors to the disparities in cardiovascular health between African Americans and Black immigrants. These results can inform the tailoring of public health interventions aimed at eliminating racial cardiovascular health disparities, and achieving health equity.
Public health or related education Public health or related research Social and behavioral sciences