Peritoneal malignant mesothelioma and ovarian carcinomas are histopathologically and symptomatically very similar diseases that do not have a reliable differential diagnosis. Immunohistochemical staining studies have varying results with no general consensus on a singular method for diagnosis that will work everytime. By cross-referencing genetic alterations in studies of mesothelioma tumors and ovarian tumors, more cohesive insight into the genes altered in each disease could allow for more targeted research for developing diagnosis techniques, and even genetic-based therapeutic targets. This study focuses on the curated genes from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database that are implicated in both asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma, as well as some genes highly correlated with genetic mesothelioma tumor profiles through GWAS studies. Each citation was thoroughly examined for ensuring that there was a significant result for each gene. These genes are used as keywords with each cancer to compile the best evidence that supports that the specified gene is an effective oncogene or therapeutic target. The results of this review emphasize the similarity of both diseases. The gene overlap shows how closely related the mechanisms of malignant mesothelioma and ovarian carcinomas are. Of the 52 genes and gene pathways evaluated, there were overlaps in 49 of them, particularly the genes TP53, KIT, COL3A1, BCL2, IL4, IL6, PARP1, and CDKN2A, and genes in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and hippo pathway. The genes affected in these tumor cells reflect homology in these tissues--both embryologically derived from the mesoderm--and the shared cascade of events promoting the cancer.