Indigenous populations in the United States are at a higher risk for a variety of diseases, elevated stress, and mental health issues. Federally recognized, state recognized, and non-recognized Indigenous nations and peoples have a right to self-determination and sovereignty, and this is understood by the collective and individuals within these nations. However, in the greater context of the United States, the public and federal government encourage a view that Indigenous people are a race primarily. The goal of this scoping review was to examine what research is currently being done with Indigenous populations in the United States, what the results are, and if researchers are utilizing toolsets and theories that reinforce the sovereignty of Indigenous people. The scoping review followed guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute guide for Scoping Reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Tribal Critical Race Theory was utilized to develop the research questions and analyze results. Four databases and over six thousand articles were incorporated into this review. Current research into the moderating effects of Indigenous identity on psychosocial stressors show mixed results, however, the findings of this study highlight a need for Indigenous specific tools over tools used for other ethnic and racial groups. More research must be done to create tools that specifically examine the phenomena of United States based Indigenous identity.