Background: To effectively support and strengthen the nation’s public health infrastructure, it is crucial to understand how it has evolved over time and in response to public health emergencies. ASTHO’s Profile of State and Territorial Public Health is the most comprehensive source of information on U.S. state and territorial public health agencies, highlighting trends and variations in public health infrastructure across the country. This presentation elaborates on key findings of the 2025 Profile.

Methods: ASTHO’s Profile of State and Territorial Public Health is a longitudinal census that began in 2007 and is fielded every three years to state and territorial public health agencies in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and 8 island jurisdictions. The 2025 survey was fielded from February through May 2025, and includes sections on health agency structure, activities, workforce, finance, quality improvement, data systems and informatics, and tribal relations and partnerships.

Results: Survey findings illustrate the current state of public health infrastructure. Findings elaborate on recent challenges in developing the public health workforce, trends in health agency spending, and efforts to modernize data and informatics infrastructure.

Conclusion: ASTHO’s 2025 Profile data provide a crucial basis for the public health field to understand the current status of the public health infrastructure, collectively and strategically utilize current resources, expand capacity to respond to future public health emergencies, and establish a public health service delivery system that centers population health.