Abstract

Protecting the frontline: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) preparedness among healthcare providers serving high-risk agricultural communities

Tija Danzig, MPA, Brenda Rivera-Garcia, DVM, MPH, Brandon Rogers, PhD, Prabu Selvam, MD, MHS, Saleh Babazadeh, MD, PhD and Adam Schwartz, MD
Americares, Stamford, CT

APHA 2025 Annual Meeting and Expo

The Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Pilot Project aimed to mitigate HPAI transmission risks among vulnerable agricultural communities in high-risk states (Texas, Idaho, and California). Recognizing the occupational vulnerability of poultry and dairy cattle workers, the project sought to enhance preparedness and promote preventive health behaviors through targeted interventions.

The pilot project took place from January to June 2025. It employed a multi-faceted approach, including educational outreach, promotion of preventive practices, and provision of personal protective equipment (PPE). A baseline survey was distributed to healthcare providers at 40 free and charitable clinics in Texas, Idaho, and California from February 4-14, 2025, to assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HPAI diagnosis and management. Based on findings, bilingual (English/Spanish) educational materials were developed for both healthcare providers and farmworkers, encompassing HPAI risk overviews, conversation guides, management guidance and seasonal influenza vaccination promotion. PPE distribution was facilitated through state free and charitable clinic associations.

Survey results from 46 individuals indicated high awareness of HPAI risks (93.5%), yet low preparedness for managing suspected cases (28.3%). Significant training gaps were identified in awareness of testing procedures (52.2%), case reporting (54.3%), and patient management (65.2%). Seasonal influenza vaccine recommendations (71.7%), confidence in discussing HPAI risks with at-risk patients (45.7%), and consistent PPE advocacy for those at occupational risk (52.2%) were all low or limited.

These findings highlight a critical need for targeted interventions to bridge the gap between HPAI awareness and preparedness among healthcare providers serving vulnerable agricultural populations. The project's educational materials and PPE distribution, coupled with focused presentations to clinic leaders, have enhanced clinical capacity and promoted preventive behaviors. Addressing identified training gaps and confidence deficits is essential for effective HPAI risk mitigation, ultimately protecting farmworkers and broader communities.

Administer health education strategies, interventions and programs Assessment of individual and community needs for health education Implementation of health education strategies, interventions and programs Planning of health education strategies, interventions, and programs Protection of the public in relation to communicable diseases including prevention or control Public health or related education