Abstract

Recent Measles Outbreaks in the US: The Reemerging Challenge to Public Health

Negasi Tsegay, MD, MPH1 and Vincent Mendy, DrPH, MPH, CPH2
(1)Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, (2)Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS

APHA 2025 Annual Meeting and Expo

Background: According to the CDC, there were 483 reported cases of measles in the United States as of March 2025, primarily concentrated in Texas (400 cases), New Mexico (44), and Kansas (23). This study aims to explain the resurgence of measles in the U.S. and analyze its public health implications amidst ongoing federal budget cuts to critical agencies, including the CDC, NIH, and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Methods: Using regression analysis on CDC-reported measles incidence data from 2018 to 2025, the research explores the correlation between funding reductions and increases in reported measles cases. The study also assesses state-level vaccination coverage, changes in healthcare access, and demographic vulnerability.

Results: The findings are anticipated to reveal that regions with significant budgetary constraints and lower vaccination compliance experience disproportionately higher measles outbreaks. For instance, Texas experienced a spike in cases following public health outreach and reductions in immunization programs.

Conclusion: These results highlight the urgent need to restore and protect funding for public health institutions. Reducing federal investment weakens outbreak response infrastructure, delays case detection, and undermines community immunity. Public health professionals must advocate for evidence-based policymaking and expanded immunization education to mitigate the resurgence of preventable diseases. Continued surveillance, investment in local health departments, and policies promoting vaccine coverage are crucial next steps.

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